Creative Non-Directive Approach

For further information, you can consult the record Psychotherapy. You will find an overview of many psychotherapeutic approaches - including a painting guide to help you choose the most appropriate - and a presentation on the success factors of therapy.

Psychotherapy

Presentation

For anyone who feels vulnerable or psychologically fragile to start looking for psychotherapy or psychotherapy may seem a particularly challenging. Of all the psychotherapies (more than 200 officially listed), there he more effective than others? Is that some problems lend themselves better? When and how should it be used?

ECHO approach

For further information, you can consult the record Psychotherapy . You will find an overview of many psychotherapeutic approaches - including a painting guide to help you choose the most appropriate - and a presentation on the success factors of therapy. ECHO's approach, as well as several other techniques, is part of the mind-body approaches . A complete record is dedicated to these approaches.

Apitherapy

From Latin apis bee for, the apitherapy is as old as beekeeping itself. It consists in using products harvested, processed or secreted by the bee - the honey , the propolis , the pollen , the royal jelly and venom - for dietary and therapeutic.

Since the early 1950s, studies around the world have a better understanding of the virtues traditionally attributed to honey and propolis, and discover the benefits previously unknown pollen and royal jelly . However, the application most clearly therapeutic bee products - and one of the oldest - still use bee venom to treat chronic rheumatic and arthritic certain inflammatory diseases such as tendinitis and bursitis , and the MS .

This is what it will be mainly discussed in this sheet. It deals with other products ( honey , propolis , pollen , royal jelly ) around the site.

Anti Gym

The anti-gym with a variety of other approaches, is part of somatic education. The plug Somatic Education presents a summary table to compare the main approaches. You can also consult the card Psychotherapy . You will find an overview of many psychotherapeutic approaches - including a painting guide to help you choose the most appropriate - and a presentation on the success factors of therapy.

The anti-exercise, what is it?

The Anti-Gym ® (a registered trademark) is the opposite of classic exercises gymnastics movements and instead proposed that adapt to each state. It is a method of physical rehabilitation which aims to raise awareness by small movements extremely precise, the tensions and muscle aches accumulated over the years, and to liberate themselves.

Loosen muscles
The anti-exercise can gradually work each muscle of the body, from the smallest to the largest, the most painful most misunderstood, and to extend to untie the knots that cause pain and deformity. Acting on the neuromuscular organization, it helps to have a better posture and find ease and flexibility .

The method taught to perceive the body as a whole, to feel the interaction between its different parts and balance muscles . One can, for example, awareness relations front / back and left / right. We notice that suddenly shoulder higher than the other, the toes are curled, the head is tilted forward, in short, that the body needs to regain its symmetry to move smoothly.

The anti-gym but wants more than just activity formatting. Untying the muscle rigidity, it can lead to release and heal the emotional. The verbal expression of feelings and emotions is as important as the movements themselves.

Knowing your body
The anti-exercise is usually practiced in groups, with the exception of the first sessions are individually. They allow the practitioner to assess the physical condition of the participant, and the latter to determine whether the approach suits him. Group, an exercise that takes just 15 minutes is a most revealing experience. It is simply a character shaping clay with your eyes closed. This little guy is actually a self-portrait, a landmark eloquent. It can illustrate vividly the perception that one has of his body (see A little experiment in this article).

Movements of anti-exercise can be performed standing or sitting, but most practice on the ground. Sometimes used small cork balls and sticks (which rolled under the foot, for example) to help release muscle tension, these movements have the effect of a self-massage.

Where does the term "anti-gymnatisque"?
Theresa Bertherat , the physiotherapist who developed anti-gymnastics during the 1970s chose the term "anti-gym" at the time of antipsychiatry. It is not that denigrated gymnastics classic, but it considered that certain exercises, such as those that require forced inhalation or reject the column back to clear the chest, did aggravate disorders the diaphragm and the spine. She says that it is the muscle contractions that gradually deformed body, a situation which, in his opinion, is not irreparable since the muscles are still pliable, whatever the age of the individual. The solution: wake sleeping areas that we carry by giving them the length!

To develop its approach Bertherat Thérèse was inspired mainly work three persons: the Austrian physician and psychoanalyst Wilhelm Reich (see Neo-Reichian massage ), the instigator of gymnastics Lili Ehrenfried holistic one , but especially the physiotherapist Françoise Mézières , creator of the Method Mézières , whom she met in 1972 in Paris and was a professor of physical therapy. His knowledge of anatomy, as well as the rigor and precision of his method were very impressed. Françoise Mézières has, among other things, a great influence in the field of orthopedics in 1947 by discovering the posterior muscular chain . It is also this famous chain of muscles, which runs through the back of the neck to the toes, which works in anti-gym.

Mézières and methods Bertherat
Although anti-Mézières Method and gymnastics are both methods of postural rehabilitation , there is a fundamental difference between them. Mézières Method is a therapeutic modality for treating specific neuromuscular disorders heavy, in fact, it is mainly used by physical therapists and physiotherapists. For cons, the anti-gym is a comprehensive approach to prevention that addresses all.

On other forms of anti-gym
The term "anti-gym" has become a trademark in 2005. It can be used by practitioners with a "Certificate of License". Many practitioners of different approaches inspired body, however, among other things, the method Bertherat, they may have adapted to their specialty. The anti-gym and many other disciplines using movement as an approach to self-awareness is part of what is called the somatic education .

A little experiment in Anti Gym

It was isolated in a quiet room. It takes the clay or bread dough (about 250 g) plain neutral color. Place a revival accounts or minutes hand and the rule to ring in fifteen minutes. It sits comfortably as possible and begin to knead the dough until it becomes soft. It forms a ball, then closes his eyes and begins to shape a character. We keep eyes closed until the end of the work. At the alarm, open eyes.

Transactional Analysis

Transactional analysis, what is it?

The transactional analysis (TA) is originally a form of psychotherapy . But it is also a theory of "social psychiatry" (in the words of its creator) because it proposes to study the psyche of people by analyzing their social relations . It draws its name from the word "transaction" which in English means an exchange, verbal or not. It has often described this approach as "popular version of psychoanalysis".

Transactional analysts explain malfunctions, inappropriate behavior, psychosomatic illnesses and even neuroses and psychoses by notions of "early decision" and " life scenarios . " From childhood (3 to 8 years), we would ours decisions, sacrifices and "painful choices." We would create "scenarios of life" more or less permanent. We would do this because, at this age, we have the resources and means of action necessarily reduced. These scenarios serve as defense mechanisms or solutions of lesser evil to pressure environment or adverse situations.

Later, after developing other aspects of his personality and new skills could reevaluate these decisions and make the necessary changes to better flourish. This requires, however, aware of its decisions and its early life scenarios. This is, among other things, that offers transactional analysis.

The approach is used in psychotherapeutic work with individuals, couples and families. Various disciplines such as social work, education and organizational development, rely on transactional analysis. It is used especially as a tool for training or to defuse crises that hide communication problems.

What are you talking about me?
The basic concept of transactional analysis is one of the three ego states , formed during childhood and constitute the entire personality structure: it is the Parent, Adult and Child. They are commonly represented by three overlapping circles. All three are equally important as the other. What happens in our relationships and in our lives depends largely on the state of me from which we act in a given situation.

- The state Child is one from which include creativity, game, intuition, instincts and feelings. It can be spontaneous, intuitive and creative, the Child can also be temperamental, rebellious or submissive.

- The state Parent , for its part, is responsible, nurturing and protective. It is the sense of ethics and standards, which is the basis of respect for self and others. It is "civilized", but can be critical, demeaning and binding.

- About the state Adult , it serves balancing function between the Parent and Child, knowing when to make concessions to one or the other. It assesses, reflects and operates rationally based on the current situation. The state Adult is a kind of computer: it is neither negative nor positive.

But it often happens that one of the states or atrophied , or too pervasive , or that it has its negative dimension. If the state is Adult "contaminated" by some aspects of Parent or Child, the person will not have access to its full resources "adults". People can be "frozen" in a particular state. Some will always frowning, as Parent criticism , for example. Other inexorably react the same way, regardless of whether it is appropriate or not (eternal child subject , for example).

When two people share between them a wide variety of "transactions" may occur. It depends on the state of being from which each person expresses, the state of being which is believed to go, and the state of being actual person responding. Exchanges parallel or complementary generally do not conflict: for example, when talking to the Child Parent and Child responds to parent, or when the Parent to Parent that address responds by Parent. But that does not necessarily mean that these exchanges are healthy.

Discomfort psychic conflicts and ruptures occur when transactions are cross : for example, a request Adult factual information to another adult who is thinking faulted reacts rather subject to a Child Parent. Opportunities are considerable cross transactions and give rise to all sorts of frustrations, misunderstandings, manipulation ... Without realizing it, and without understanding what drives the other to react in a certain way, people are often involved in transactions dysfunctional.

In these basics, much more complex than this summary suggests, is grafted a wealth of concepts that may reveal the psyche of the individual. Include transactions double bottom (with apparent degree and degree concealed) the stratagems ( games ) transactions which are rigged for profit, and the exchange of tokens of recognition , successful or not, the dramatic roles (persecutor, rescuer , victim), the life scenarios and scenario-cons , etc..

Take responsibility for change
Developed by psychiatrist Eric Berne (1910-1970) during the 1950s, transactional analysis is based on a premise essential: each person is "basically correct", it has value, importance and dignity, and has the ability to think and choose. This is the approach in the current of humanistic psychology .

Eric Berne has placed great emphasis on the responsibility of the person in the development of his life story and his ability to change. He believed that with competent help, anyone can find his original abilities , who expect that to be issued prohibitions created by the scenarios it has built. Berne wanted to enable its customers to overcome suffering and achieve psychological maturity is characterized by a high capacity conscience , of autonomy and spontaneity .

As in many psychotherapies type humanist, this is to help the client to:

- aware of his behavior;
- review what context (usually family or cultural) attitudes issues have been adopted;
- make the decision to rebuild healthy interpersonal boundaries;
- integrally organize the various elements of his emotional life, intellectual and relational, to have a more satisfactory existence in the present.

Eric Berne was born in Montreal in 1910 to Jewish parents who had emigrated from Eastern Europe. He studied medicine at McGill University and psychiatry at Yale University in the United States and became an American citizen. Established in California in 1946, he raises his family while pursuing a career in psychiatry busy (hospital, clinic, consulting services for the military and private practice).

In the 1950s, Berne is always inspired by Freud, but distanced himself from psychoanalysis. It seeks to establish an effective therapeutic tool fast and therefore less expensive and accessible to all. It develops original concepts which he reported in several scientific articles. With the publication of his book Psychotherapy and Transactional Analysis in 1961, his theory is already talking about it in the psychotherapeutic and psychiatric settings. In 1964, Berne and his colleagues founded the International Transactional Analysis Association, which still exists today.

The pros and cons
The transactional analysis has great qualities and remarkably effective tool, which does not prevent it from being criticized, especially for its lack of central hypothesis . It was also noted that the description of the various states (Parent, Adult and Child) does not match any biochemical or physiological reality. He is accused of then ignore the sociological dimension of human problems, and neglect the importance of imagination and fantasies. It must be said that his jargon and aphorisms, humorous to the American way, are sometimes seen as simplistic (and often incongruous in French!).

But transactional analysis has ardent supporters: does not it, as the Berne wanted, accessible to people of all ages and from all walks of life? And then, as a theologian and psychoanalyst said: "This therapy, since apparently superficial focuses on the roles of the profound psychic instances, however, is very important in transpersonal perspectives therapies. First, because it enhances the Adult I, autonomous, able to judge for himself. Then, because it advocates the unconditional acceptance of others.

Therapeutic applications of transactional analysis

The transactional analysis is first defined as a psychotherapy and should be able to help solve a variety of problems related to mental life and relationships with self and others. Professional associations analysts do however no representation as to the specific problems that the approach is likely to heal.

Transactional Analysis 4 target therapeutic areas of interest or the psychotherapy , the dynamics of individuals within organizations , the process of education and those related to the activities of support . The ability to manipulate concepts of transactional analysis may also be useful to various professionals, such as nurses, teachers and social workers, who need to interact with people potentially disrupted.

Some items on the transactional analysis have been published in scientific journals in psychiatry , in publications dealing with logistics hospital or speaking to nurses . However, there is no quality scientific research that confirms the effectiveness of this approach.

Transactional analysis remains a tool for understanding the relationships and mechanisms that underlie them to better interact in society and intimacy.

Fitness 1 - Top Reasons to Move

Physical fitness is a key determinant of health. Here is a case in three parts to help you cultivate or recover.

1. For fun
Run on all fours with a baby, hurry to catch the bus, swim in the fresh water of the lake, playing ball with the kids, dance, climb a dozen steps, take a walk after a meal, push the grocery cart, raking leaves in the fall and even brushing your teeth, it is the physical activity .

The human body like activity because it is not made ​​to live sitting and shouts his impatience often even by pain voltage. Provide a variety of opportunities to move in will be "happy body.

The physical activity can be a great source of fun! To convince and experiment must remove from his mind all the unpleasant pictures (self) which was able to associate physical effort. Gyms you down? Do not go there. You hate promiscuity? Forget aerobics. Are you bored alone? Jogging is not for you. The breath makes you panic? You can very well avoid it.

If your business 'active' give you the pleasure you win on all fronts. And when you're in shape, current activities - like taking out the trash or washing windows - are much less painful.

2. To relax
Move with gusto is a natural way to stimulate the phenomenon called " relaxation response. " Symptoms of anxiety (dry mouth, rapid heartbeat, increased blood pressure, etc..) are attributable to excessive activity of the sympathetic branch of the nervous system, called "accelerator". However, physical activity stimulates and strengthens the parasympathetic branch of the nervous system called the "brake". In the words of Dr. David Servan-Schreiber in Healing : "Since the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems are still in opposition, the more it stimulates the parasympathetic, the more it increases, like a muscle that grows, and it simply hangs events anxiety.

We also know that good nutrition helps the body to better manage the physiological reactions of stress , yet the people who make physical activity naturally tend to choose more nutritious foods.

3. For moral
Among followers of physical activity as energetic joggers, the following fact is well known: after 15 to 30 minutes of effort, the mind reaches a state slightly euphoric where thoughts are positive and even spontaneously creative. The phenomenon is due to hormones called endorphins that are released in the body during exercise. In a chapter where he explains the effect of endorphins, D r David Servan-Schreiber says that this phenomenon does not dull with time: "The more the natural mechanism of pleasure is stimulated [in this way], it seems more become sensitive. And people who exercise regularly derive more pleasure from the small things in life: their friends, their cat food, their readings, the smile of a passerby on the street.

Research shows that exercise can be as effective, if not more, than drugs to treat depression. The activity assay is important - both in the intensity, duration and frequency - too is not better than not enough. The consensus among researchers seems to be that 20 minutes moderate intensity three times a week is sufficient to obtain an effect on the part of the brain that modulates mood.

4. To lose weight
The weight is like a bank account: when is deposited (calories), it rises when removing (calories), it falls. However, our metabolism has evolved over thousands of years humans were very active, as we eat it every day, the only way to avoid weight gain is to "spend ". In fact, the more you do the exercise , the more you can eat without gaining weight. Research conducted in obese postmenopausal women showed that regular practice of moderate-intensity activity was an effective way to lose weight. Walking (at a good pace) and dance aerobics ( low-impact ) are good choices.

But there is more: the activity type aerobic (with elevated heart rate) can lose weight without being a major must reduce calorie intake, if you practice diligently. This is such a practice transforms the body "burner" while the body increases the rate at which it burns calories not only during the activity itself, but the rest of the time (depending, of course the duration and intensity of activity).

5. For pep
The conviction of being "too tired" to go walking (or skating, swimming, etc..) Is based on a misperception. Because humans have enough to eat in their fat accumulated almost inexhaustible reserve of energy , at least for engaging in low-intensity activities 13 . This kind of "fatigue" is more nervous tension, that is to say, the stress. However, the benefits of physical activity are also evident in the immediate 15 to 20 minutes of exercise just relieve stress and fatigue, and increase energy. Include simply by ensuring a better flow of oxygen, the body releases exercise of "sand in the gears" as the mental dullness and muscle tension.

6. For sex
The quality of the sex life depends mainly on the general health, the ability to relax and some cardiovascular endurance, three factors that physical activity plays an essential role. It takes energy to make love (even to want to make love) and an active lifestyle gives you energy!

When men healthy, but sedentary, start doing 1 hour of exercise 3 or 4 times a week, they report less erectile dysfunction , sexual activity more sustained and more fun. And a survey of 14 years with more than 30,000 American men found that two main factors play in maintaining good erectile function are physical activity and weight loss.

7. Not to suffer
Research shows that regular physical activity substantially reduces the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, with hypertension of type 2 diabetes , of osteoporosis , of colon cancer (and possibly breast cancer and of prostate cancer ). If the most convincing data obtained so far concern the illness, we know that curative and preventive effect of physical activity is not limited to these diseases 22 . For example, several specific exercises (including strengthening the abdominal muscles) would be a good way to prevent backaches.

In addition, many existing health problems can be alleviated, or their symptoms alleviated by regular physical activity - the chronic fatigue, the fibromyalgia, the asthma , the type 2 diabetes and arthritis , including. Even the recurrence of breast cancer can be defeated by the exercise.

8. To strengthen the immune system
The exercise moderate help increase the immunity . First, improving blood circulation, it is believed that cells and other substances in the immune system can more easily circulate in the body (essential to prevent infection of a wound, for example). Also, it was observed that certain immune components are stimulated by physical activity. But beware, overtraining could have the opposite effect.

9. Healthy Aging
Research shows that half of the loss of autonomy observed from age 30 to 70 years is attributable to lifestyle sedentary and not to aging itself. The data are clear: physical activity is effective in increasing the longevity. In addition, some studies indicate that exercise regularly practiced by the elderly to help prevent the decline of immune functions.

10. Because it is not so complicated
Even a small increase in activity is accompanied by significant positive effects on health: a little is a lot. Because the physical activity may have a minimum preventive or curative effect is not as high as is necessary to improve athletic performance (but profits fade fairly quickly when activity ceases).

It was recently discovered that it is not necessary to have a continuous activity for 30 or 40 minutes, as was once believed, three 10-minute periods throughout the day provide many benefits a single period of 30 minutes. Moreover, if a minimum of 10 minutes at a time is necessary for health benefits for the long-term, short activities (climbing stairs, for example) remain effective for short-term benefits (strengthening muscles, flexibility , etc.).

Remember that all kinds of types and kinds of activities are part of what is called" physical activity "walking in commuting, activities related to work, play with children, homemaking, gardening, sports.